【作者】

Andreas Kyrtatos

【摘要】

该论文已在赫尔辛基举行的第28届CIMAC大会上发表，论文的版权归CIMAC所有。The prime mover of merchant ships has been for more than a century the marine Diesel engine, which is nowadays predominantly a low-speed, two-stroke, crosshead-type, reversible, uniflow-scavenged, turbocharged, electronic engine. The low speed engine is, because of its size, the most efficient thermal machine and, due to its fewer cylinders and consequently fewer moving parts, particularly reliable. The two-stroke cycle is applied to maximise the power to weight ratio and minimise engine size. Due to the low speed required and the finite maximum piston speed achievable, the marine engine features a very high stroke to bore ratio, which in turn is the main reason for the crosshead design and the uniflow-scavenging concept. Since the long two-stroke engine needs to be forcescavenged, the two-stroke marine Diesel engine is invariably also turbocharged. Finally, the demand for flexible engine tuning, optimised throughout the load range dictates the use of electronic engine control. The market requirements for a two-stroke marine Diesel Engine differ profoundly from engines in other segments of the marine and automotive industries. The engine designer is obliged to correctly select the power output and the speed of the engine independently, since the engine is directly connected to the propeller without a gearbox. This attribute of the low speed engine, added to the low production volumes characteristic of the merchant shipbuilding market, makes the low-speed engine a highly customised product, tailor made for each application. The purpose of this paper is to give an overview of the development of the modern low-speed two-stroke marine Diesel engine from the engine designer’s point of view starting from the market requirements for power and speed, with insights that are relevant for the whole industry. A presentation will be made of - the basic thermodynamic layout of the engine, - the dimensioning and design criteria determining the size and design concept of the powertrain and structure parts, - the design concepts for the hot parts and cylinder lubrication, - the choices the engine designer has to make regarding core ancillary systems such as the fuel injection and exhaust valve actuation systems, - the automation & control systems governing the modern electronic engine. Particular focus will be placed on the trade-off the engine designer (licensor) is challenged with in terms of reliability, cost, manufacturability and serviceability of the engine, in order to make a competitive product for his customers, which are obviously shipowners, but also engine makers (licensees) and shipyards. Additionally, the tools and methods that the engine designer of the modern two-stroke marine Diesel engine has at his disposal will be described in the context of the development process.

【会议名称】

第28届CIMAC会议

【会议地点】

芬兰 赫尔辛基

【下载次数】

4

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