【作者】

Benjamin Stengel

【摘要】

该论文已在赫尔辛基举行的第28届CIMAC大会上发表，论文的版权归CIMAC所有。ABSTRACT Since decades gaseous and particle emissions from maritime transport have an important impact on global emissions and environmental health due to the use of low-grade fuels and the lack of exhaust after treatment systems. The introduction of more stingent NOx and SOx emission regulations through MARPOL Annex VI forces the maritime transport sector in the long term to adopt exhaust after treatment systems from other industries, which is also implicating a switch to low-sulphur fuels. Furthermore, the contribution of ship engine emissions to the secondary organic aerosol (SOA) is still mostly unknown. Secondary organic PM is formed when gaseous precursors partition into the particle phase, after transformation by chemical reactions in the atmosphere. In this project, primary and secondary emissions of ship diesel operation with heavy fuel oil and marine gas oil are investigated and options are shown to reduce regulated emissions without the use of exhaust after treatment. A single cylinder research engine, capable of operating with both heavy fuel oils and distillate fuels was used. The test engine is equipped with a common rail system and can independently be applied with different charge air and exhaust back pressures. This enables degrees of freedom in optimizing engine operation for each fuel. Gaseous emissions (NOx, CO, THC, SOx, CO2) and particle emissions (size distribution, opacity, number concentration, composition) were comprehensively analysed at different engine loads and parameter settings for HFO 380 (S = 2,33 %) and low sulphur MGO (S = 0,08 %). Moreover, impacts on combustion were quantified and evaluated through measurement of in-cylinder pressure traces and calculated heat release rates. Results show that HFO combustion is characterized by an increased ignition delay and a higher portion of premixed combustion compared to MGO causing slightly higher NOx emissions. Similar influences for both fuels on soot and NOx emissions can be observed via variation of injection timing, charge air pressure and fuel rail pressure, though HFO operation is characterized through slightly increased soot emissions. The volatility and photochemical alteration of the primary organic aerosol emitted from the engine in a 10 m³ teflon smog chamber is investigated. Distributions and estimated SOA formation potential of the volatile species will be presented. The results provide a comprehensive picture of the emitted exhaust aerosol and show how the properties of the aerosol depend on operation settings.

【会议名称】

第28届CIMAC会议

【会议地点】

芬兰 赫尔辛基

【下载次数】

4

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